XB-5
Alhassan Nawar
Comparative Architecture
Jewish Primary School
Heinz-galinski-schule
Berlin, Germany
is a Polish-born Israeli architect. His work is known for its emphasis on geometry and asymmetry.
The school was designed in a form of a flower, as a gift to the children of Berlin. The sunflowers celestial construction seemed most suitable for planning the school, since its seeds orbit the sun and the sun rays illuminate all of the schoolrooms.
Berlin accepted the gift and entrusted us with the work. To begin with, calculations had to be made of the sun´s orbits and the length of all the sun´s rays. When these were completed, construction could begin. Bricks were brought and laid one over the other. Walls rose and the building began to emerge.
Jewish Primary School
Heinz-galinski-schule
In time it became evident that the school, whilst under construction was gradually transforming into an intricate city. Streets and courtyards followed the path of the orbits and the infinitesimal traces of the sun´s rays. The school´s exterior moulded the city´s interior into a mirror of the universe, a place where light and shadow intersect. Children loved it and the work continued.
Konstruktion: tragendes Mauerwerk, Beton, Holz nur für Dachkonstruktion, Materialien: Sichtbeton, weißer und grauer Putz, Wellblech, Jerusalem Steinboden im Eingangsbereich.
Konstruktion und Material/ construction and material
Nutzung content
The building was nearing completion when an uncertainty arose. By now the construction resembled neither a sunflower nor a city but a book whose open pages carry the load of the construction. Building a book was not our guiding principle, and experts had to be consulted as to the cause of the continually mutating images.
construktion: Load carrying bricks, concrete, wood for roof construction only, materials: exposed concrete plaster, white and grey plaster, corrugated metal, Jerusalem stone for entrance floor.
The theory of natural evolution was further reinforced by an account from the Old Testament. Beth-Sefer, the Hebrew word for school, when translated literally means House of The Book. This important biblical-etymological evidence restored confidence in our work and paved the way to the completion of the construction.
It seems inevitable that the rapid pace of transformation will turn full circle and come to completion. Finally, what many have suspected will be revealed, that the House of The Book is not a building of the School, but a landscape of our childhood dreams.
Q2.Jacques Derrida
Jacques was a famous French philosopher born in Algeria on July15 1930 and died in 2004 in Paris France.
Derrida is best known for developing a form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction.
He is one of the major figures associated with post-structuralism and postmodern philosophy.
In 2003, Derrida was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, which reduced his speaking and travelling engagements.
He died in a hospital in Paris in the early hours of October 9, 2004.
Q3.Palais Garnier
Type :Opera house
Architectural style : Second Empire and Beaux-Arts
Location : Place de l'Opéra,9th arrondissement,Paris, France
Height : 56 metres (184 ft) from ground level to the apex of the stage flytower; 32 metres (105 ft) to the top of the facade
Structural system : masonry walls; concealed iron floors, vaults, and roofs
Architect : Charles Garnier
oprea house
plan
Q4.Five architecture
a- peter eisenman
b- Richard Meier
Peter Eisenman was born on August 11, 1932, in Newark, New Jersey.[1] As a child, he attended Columbia High School located in Maplewood, New Jersey. He transferred in to the architecture school as an undergraduate at Cornell University and gave up his position on the swimming team in order to commit full-time to his studies. He received a Bachelor of Architecture Degree from Cornell, a Master of Architecture Degree from Columbia University's Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Cambridge. He received an honorary degree from Syracuse University School of Architecture in 2007.
c- Michael Graves
Meier was born as the oldest of three sons of Jerome Meier, wholesale wine and liquor salesman, and Carolyn Kaltenbacher in Newark, New Jersey.He grew up in nearby Maplewood, where he attended Columbia High School. He earned a Bachelor of Architecture degree from Cornell University in 1957.
After graduation, Meier traveled to Israel, Greece, Germany, France, Denmark, Finland. and Italy, among other places, to network with architects.
Meier is also the second cousin of the architect, theorist, and fellow member of The New York Five, Peter Eisenman.
Michael Graves (July 9, 1934 – March 12, 2015) was an American architect. Identified as one of The New York Five, as well as Memphis Group, Graves was known first for his contemporary building designs and some prominent public commissions that became iconic examples of Postmodern architecture, such as the Portland Building and the Denver Public Library. His recognition grew through designing domestic products sold by premium Italian housewares maker Alessi, and later low-cost new designs at stores such as Target and J. C. Penney in the United States. He was a representative of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture and formerly designed postmodern buildings, and was recognized as a major influence in all three movements.
d- Charles Gwathmey
was an American architect. He was a principal at Gwathmey Siegel & Associates Architects, as well as one of the five architects identified as The New York Five in 1969. One of Gwathmey's most famous designs is the 1992 renovation of Frank Lloyd Wright's Guggenheim Museum in New York City.
Born in Charlotte, North Carolina, he was the son of the American painter Robert Gwathmey and photographer Rosalie Gwathmey. He attended the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Performing Arts, graduating in 1956. Charles Gwathmey attended the University of Pennsylvania and received his Master of Architecture degree in 1962 from Yale School of Architecture,[1] where he won both The William Wirt Winchester Fellowship as the outstanding graduate and a Fulbright Grant. While at Yale, he studied under Paul Rudolph.
Gwathmey served as President of the Board of Trustees for The Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies and was elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1981.
e- John Hejduk
(19 July 1929 – 3 July 2000) was an American architect, artist and educator of Czech origin who spent much of his life in New York City, USA. Hejduk is noted for his use of attractive and often difficult-to-construct objects and shapes; also for a profound interest in the fundamental issues of shape, organization, representation, and reciprocity.
Hejduk studied at the Cooper Union School of Art and Architecture, the University of Cincinnati, and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, from which he graduated with a Masters in Architecture in 1953. He worked in several offices in New York including that of I. M. Pei and Partners and the office of A.M. Kinney and Associates. He established his own practice in New York in 1965.